What violates the second law of thermodynamics?
What violates the second law of thermodynamics?
In order to operate, a heat engine must reject some of the heat it receives from the high-temperature source to a low-temperature sink. A heat engine that violates the second law converts 100 percent of this heat to work. This is physically impossible. . This heat engine violates the second law of thermodynamics.
What do the laws of thermodynamics say about photosynthesis?
The first law of thermodynamics states that energy is neither created nor destroyed. Photosynthesis converts light energy (a form of kinetic energy) into chemical energy. This first law could be considered “bookkeeping.” It states that the energy used and released in any reaction must be balanced.
What is the second law of thermodynamics for dummies?
In physics, the second law of thermodynamics says that heat flows naturally from an object at a higher temperature to an object at a lower temperature, and heat doesn’t flow in the opposite direction of its own accord. A heat source provides heat to the engine, which does work.
Why doesn’t this violate the second law of thermodynamics?
TLDR: Evolution does not violate the Second Law of Thermodyamics, because Earth is not a closed system. The entropy of the entire solar system increases over time, but Earth is a small part of that and so there is plenty of room for increasing order over time on our planet, basically because the sun is so damn big.
What is second law of thermodynamics state?
The second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of an isolated system (the thermal energy per unit temperature that is unavailable for doing useful work) can never decrease.
How is the second law related to photosynthesis?
Entropy changes associated with photoexcitation The Second Law, in asserting that entropy production must be positive or zero, refers either to total entropy production within an isolated system or to internally-generated entropy production in an open system [12], [13], [14].
What does the second law of thermodynamics mean?
The state of the gas returns to its original conditions and the change of entropy of the system is zero. Engineers call such a process an isentropic process . Isentropic means constant entropy. The second law states that if the physical process is irreversible, the combined entropy of the system and the environment must increase.
Can a system violate the first law of thermodynamics?
We can imagine a system, however, in which the heat is instead transferred from the cold object to the hot object, and such a system does not violate the first law of thermodynamics. The cold object gets colder and the hot object gets hotter, but energy is conserved.
How is the change in entropy represented in photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis can be represented by this equation. 6CO2 + 6H2O —-> C6H12O6 + 6O2. Entropy is represented by the symbol S, change in entropy is represented as ∆S. For photosynthesis, entropy is decreasing, IOW ∆S<0.