What is the pathophysiology of hip fracture?
What is the pathophysiology of hip fracture?
Hip fracture, in pathology, a break in the proximal (upper) end of the femur. Hip fracture can occur at any age. Common causes include severe impact (e.g., a car accident), falls, and weak bones or bone loss (osteoporosis). The risk of hip fracture from falls and bone loss increases with age.
What causes intertrochanteric fracture?
The most common causes of intertrochanteric fractures are falls or trauma. These problems are more likely to occur among older people, who are at a higher risk of falling. In some cases, people who have weak bones can get a fracture from simply walking or standing.
Does intertrochanteric fracture cause avascular necrosis?
Intertrochanteric fractures with a proximal fracture line appeared in five patients. The nail tip was situated in every quadrant of the femoral head. Valgus malalignment occurred in three cases. Conclusions: Avascular necrosis of the femoral head is an uncommon complication after intertrochanteric fractures.
What is the pathophysiology of fracture?
Pathophysiology. The natural process of healing a fracture starts when the injured bone and surrounding tissues bleed, forming a fracture hematoma. The blood coagulates to form a blood clot situated between the broken fragments. Within a few days, blood vessels grow into the jelly-like matrix of the blood clot.
What is the treatment of an intertrochanteric hip fracture?
Intertrochanteric fractures are treated surgically with either a sliding compression hip screw and side plate or an intramedullary nail. The compression hip screw is fixed to the outer side of the bone with bone screws. A large secondary screw (lag screw) is placed through the plate into the femoral head and neck.
Which fracture is avascular necrosis?
Avascular necrosis is a disease that results from the temporary or permanent loss of blood supply to the bone. It happens most commonly in the ends of a long bone. Avascular necrosis may be the result of injury, use of medicines, or alcohol. Symptoms may include joint pain and limited range of motion.
What is necrosis of the hip?
Osteonecrosis of the hip is a painful condition that occurs when the blood supply to the head of the femur (thighbone) is disrupted. Because bone cells need a steady supply of blood to stay healthy, osteonecrosis can ultimately lead to destruction of the hip joint and severe arthritis.
What are the two types of malunited fractures?
Malunited fractures in the trochanteric regioncan be divided into two types: (1) those with internal or external rotation, coxa vara, and shortening of about 2.5 cm =>Treated with subtrochanteric osteotomy (2) those with internal or external rotation, severe coxa vara, and shortening of 5 cm or more
What does intertrochanteric fracture mean in medical terms?
Overview. An intertrochanteric fracture is a specific type of hip fracture. “Intertrochanteric” means “between the trochanters,” which are bony protrusions on the femur (thighbone). They’re the points where the muscles of the thigh and hip attach.
What should I do if I have an intertrochanteric fracture?
Your doctor will determine the right imaging tests for your condition. The most common treatment for intertrochanteric fractures is surgery. In most cases, surgery is recommended because this fracture can take a long time to heal on its own.
Why is nonoperative care of intertrochanteric hip fractures unacceptable?
However, nonoperative care of intertrochanteric fractures had significant, unacceptable morbidity and mortality because of concurrent medical problems and prolonged incumbency that prevented union from occurring. Because of these significant problems, conservative treatment was deemed unacceptable regardless of the mortality.