What is parotid Sialosis?
What is parotid Sialosis?
Sialosis (sialadenosis) is a chronic, bilateral, diffuse, non-inflammatory, non-neoplastic swelling of the major salivary glands that primarily affects the parotid glands, but occasionally involves the submandibular glands and rarely the minor salivary glands (Scully 2008).
What causes bilateral parotid enlargement?
The infectious causes of bilateral parotid enlargement include viral mumps, HIV, acute suppurative parotitis, tuberculosis, and bilateral parotid abscess. Of these, viral mumps and HIV are bilateral more than half of the time,3,19,20 whereas the rest are less likely to be bilateral (Figure 2).
What causes parotid enlargement?
Infections. Viral infections such as mumps, flu, and others can cause swelling of the salivary glands. Swelling happens in parotid glands on both sides of the face, giving the appearance of “chipmunk cheeks.” Salivary gland swelling is commonly associated with mumps, happening in about 30% to 40% of mumps infections.
Is Sialadenitis an autoimmune disease?
Sialadenitis can occur due to infection, salivary stones, or an underlying autoimmune disorder. It usually affects the parotid and submandibular glands and is most common among the elderly.
How is Sialadenosis treated?
- In cases of acute sialadenitis, adequate hydration should be ensured and electrolyte imbalances corrected.
- Patients are most often treated on an outpatient basis, with the administration of a single dose of parenteral antibiotics in an emergency department, followed by oral antibiotics for a period of 7-10 days.
What causes Sialadenosis?
Sialadenosis usually occurs in association with a variety of conditions including diabetes mellitus, alcoholism,[4] endocrine disorders, pregnancy, drugs, bulimia,[5] eating disorders, idiopathic, ect. Most patients present were between 40 and 70 years of age.
Why do alcoholics get parotid enlargement?
The exact reason for parotid swelling in associa tion with alcoholism is not known. At one time, alcoholic cirrhosis was thought to be a prerequi site of parotid swelling, but it is now known that parotid enlargement can develop before the onset of liver cirrhosis in patients with high alcoholic intakes.
What autoimmune disease causes swollen salivary glands?
Sjögren’s syndrome is an autoimmune disease of salivary and tear glands. Sjögren’s syndrome involves inflammation of glands and other tissues of the body. Most patients with Sjögren’s syndrome are female.
What is autoimmune sialadenitis?
Sialadenitis denotes inflammation and swelling of the parotid, submandibular, sublingual, or minor salivary glands. Etiology includes bacterial or viral infection, obstruction, or autoimmune causes. Acute bacterial sialadenitis is characterized by rapid onset of pain and swelling.
What causes parotid gland enlargement in bulimia?
Because patients with bulimia typically induce vomiting multiple times a day, they are forced to produce excess amounts of saliva which causes their parotid salivary glands to become over-stimulated.